In January 2022 I heard from Jorge in Peru who was trying to install Windows 10 onto some 58xxs with out any success.
Like him I found that the installer failed (locked up) within a few seconds of booting and never got as far bringing up the setup screen. This was with the current (January 2022) version of Windows 10 and I had the same experience when trying an earlier version of Windows 10 from back in 2015. This was the case with both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions.
Jorge also had exactly the same problem with Windows 8.1. I tried Windows 8.1 32-bit (downloaded from Microsoft) and also had an identical experience.
Jorge had success with an early version of Windows 8 and spent some time working his way through an archive of development releases ending up with build 9200. "I have managed to install the full version of Windows 8 RTM and it works perfectly."
I had also dug out my old Windows 8 Pro disks and found that I could install that, but with one very strange experience. I have four examples of the 58xx labelled variously 58xx, 5817 and 584C. They all had different BIOSs:
Surprisingly the one I had the problem with was the one with the most modern BIOS from 2014. With that one the Windows 8 installer ran at about a tenth(?) of normal speed. I gave up with it after several hours whilst it was still '...preparing files for installation...'. This is something I can't explain. I don't think it has anything to do with BIOS settings as, with the 58xx BIOS, other than time, date and boot settings there is very little else you can set.
The D2550 Atom CPU was launched in Q1 2012. It was discontinued in November 2013 but were shipped up to May 2014(?). So we have 2012 hardware that probably went out of production by mid 2014 at the latest where 10ZiG presumably knew about the end-of-manufacturing date by November 2013.
Windows 8 was launched in October 2012, Windows 8.1 in October 2013 and with Windows 10 following in 2015. So at launch of the 58xx series Windows 7 was 'the' OS. 10ZiG announced the 5818v with WE8 in April 2013 after which I assume there were no further developments for the 58xx range due to the imminent demise of the Atom CPU.
According to Intel the D2550 CPU does not support Windows 10. (They just say No without any explanation as to why not).
Words I found elsewhere indicate that this OS incompatibility is occasionally the case with heavily integrated processors where the issue is lack of ongoing driver support for the embedded peripherals such as the video.
Just a reminder here that we are discussing 10ZiG hardware that was offered with just three OSs: Linux, WES7 and WE8.
All 10ZiG are interested in is ensuring their Thin Clients work as advertised. If Windows 10 wasn't in their marketing plans for the 58xx they would have no interest in ensuring that their platform was compatible with it.
A Google search for D2550 Windows 10 brings up a few hits on the ASUS EB1033-B013G Eee Box. This PC dates from 2012. As you would expect the Asus documentation I've found only mentions Windows 7 (Home or Pro) as the OS as Windows 10 only came along after the product was discontinued.
When you look at the hits in detail, whilst the 'headline' says 'Windows 10', the detail often says 'Windows 7'. See below for a typical hit from a Google search.
...but that might be from a copy-and-paste of boilerplate Asus text.
I did find a Car PC with the D2550 which did list various available OSs:
So somebody somewhere is running Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 on the D2550 Atom CPU.
As proof that it is possible for a D2550 system to run Windows 10 Jorge found a YouTube Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3OIho85vPI) that shows Windows 10 being installed on a D2550 based POS. (Point-Of-Sale terminal).
In the video I did spot that the POS has a Phoenix SecureCore Tiano BIOS so maybe the problem lies with the 58xx InsydeH20 BIOS?
Unfortunately, as noted above under 'Timeline', 10ZiG had no incentive (then and now) to try out Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 and to sort out any issues with those OSs: WE8.1 was announced in August 2014 (when the hardware was already discontinued) and Windows 10 came along one-and-a-half to two years later when, from a business perspective, the 58xx was already lost in the mists of time.
If you have managed to install Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 on the 58xx please let me know.